This study examines the enduring impact of redlining in Portland, Oregon, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Using change analysis of land surface temperature and tree canopy area, the study found persistent patterns of lower temperatures and larger tree canopy areas in neighborhoods with higher Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) grades. The research revealed differing trends in tree canopy changes between the two cities, emphasizing the influence of city-specific tree planting practices. The findings underscore the importance of considering historical redlining contexts and contemporary landscape features in developing equitable strategies for mitigating urban heat exposure through initiatives like tree planting.

Legacies of redlining lead to unequal cooling effects of urban tree canopy

This research paper proposes a new approach to assessing social vulnerability and incorporating it into flood risk analyses. The authors reviewed the literature to identify sociodemographic factors that confer residual social risk after controlling for physical exposure, and used this evidence to construct an "Equity (E) Index." The E Index uses poverty as the primary indicator and the maximum of other key vulnerability factors (e.g., disability, old age) as secondary indicators. The authors found that social vulnerability can roughly double the effect of physical flood risk for the most vulnerable groups, based on an analysis of empirical studies. The data sources used include the American Community Survey (5-year estimates 2016-2020) and the Decennial Census (2020).

Modifying Social Vulnerability Indices to Complement Physical Exposure Risk Analyses

Michael Neal and collegues examined whether increasing housing supply alone can reduce racial homeownership gaps, using a novel Beveridge curve approach adapted from labor economics. The study analyzes quarterly data from 1994 to early 2024 from multiple sources, including the US Census Bureau for homeownership rates by race and ethnicity, the National Association of Realtors for existing single-family homes data, and Census Bureau data for new single-family homes and total housing stock. While the findings show that increased housing supply correlates with higher homeownership rates across all racial groups, it does not significantly reduce the racial homeownership gap between Black/Hispanic and White households, suggesting that additional structural barriers beyond supply must be addressed to achieve housing equity.

Can Increasing Housing Supply Advance Racial Equity in Homeownership?

This Report from the Atlanta Wealth Building Initiative examines the relationship between Black-owned small businesses and neighborhood well-being in Atlanta, using data from Dun & Bradstreet Holdings, Inc. for business information and the United Way of Greater Atlanta's Child Well-Being Index as a measure of neighborhood outcomes. The analysis finds a statistically significant positive relationship, with each additional Black-owned small business per 1,000 Black residents associated with an approximately 1.8 point increase in the Child Well-Being score. The study also explores challenges faced by Black-owned businesses, including access to capital and commercial affordability issues, using focus group data and commercial real estate trends from CoStar. Based on these findings, the report offers policy recommendations to support and preserve Black-owned businesses in Atlanta's neighborhoods.

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